The Effects Of Oil Spill On The Niger River Delta - 813 Words

Medina-Bellver, J. I. Marà ­n, P. Delgado, A. Rodrà ­guez-Sà ¡nchez, A. Reyes, E. Ramos, J. L. and Marquà ©s, S. (2005). Evidence for in situ crude oil biodegradation after the Prestige oil spill. Environmental Microbiology. 7(6): 773–779. Mendelsohn, I. A., Hester, M. W., Sasser, C. and. Fishel, M. (1990). The effect of Louisiana crude oil discharge from a pipeline break on a vegetation of a southeast Louisiana brackish marsh. Oil chemical Pollution. 7:1-15. Moffat, D. and Linden, O. (1995). Perception and Reality: Assessing Priorities for Sustainable Development in the Niger River Delta. Ambio. 24 (7-8): 527 – 532. Moneke, A. and Nwangwu, C. (2011). Studies on the bioutilization of some petroleum hydrocarbons by single and mixed cultures of some bacterial species. African Journal of Microbiology Research. 5 (12): 1457-1466. Nwachukwu, S. C. U. (2001). Bioremediation of sterile agricultural soils polluted with crude petroleum by application of the soil bacterium, Pseudomonas putida with inorganic nutrient supplementations. Curr Microbiol. 42(2):231-236. Nweke, C.O., Okpokwasili, G.C. (2003). Drilling fluid base oil biodegradation potential of a soil Staphylococcus species. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2: 293 – 295. Obire, O. (1990). Bacterial Degradation of three Different crude oils in Nigeria. Nig. J. Bot. 1:81-90. Obire, O. (1993). The Suitability of Various Nigerian Petroleum Fractions as Substrate for BacterialGrowth. Discov. Innov. 9: 25-32. Obire, O. andShow MoreRelatedShell Petroleum Discovery Of Nigeria Essay1479 Words   |  6 Pages In 1956, Shell Petroleum discovered oil in commercial quantity in Nigeria. Within a decade, oil exploration speedily replaced agriculture as the mainstay of the country’s economy. 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Economic Policy and Practice Free Essays

Economic Policies And Practices ECO2072 / Professor Gordon 4/5/2013 Assignment Due Date – 4/3/2013 Economic Policies And Practices Understanding the foundation for which our economy and society as a whole is built upon, the need for a controlled and managed monetary system to function effectively in order to facilitate trade and stabilize the flow within our economy is a must. To facilitate this need the federal government implements tools for analyzing the economy in order to regulate and control, and decisions are made based on the inputs and observations made to stabilize and enable the money to grow and retract as required within our economic system. Again, based on the aforementioned, the phrase â€Å"money makes the world go around† therefore can be attributed to the controlled systems, policies and/or a networks of our federal government for which are governed to enhance and manage both the levels of and effects of our financial monetary system. We will write a custom essay sample on Economic Policy and Practice or any similar topic only for you Order Now As we proceed, we will attempt to explain various government policy changes or unplanned events which can and may occur, and the resulting economic events or activity that will be impacted within our economy and the effects it has upon and within our economy. Implemented Budget Plan Resulting In Increases In Debt And No Plan For Problems As we look at our Federal Governments role in execution and control of our nation’s budget and the current budget deficit we can only pray that those in charge of the decisions utilize the tools available to them to manage and soften the blow to the economy as the deficit grows. Where in the case our government employs a budget plan over several fiscal years and results wherein our economy sustains significant increases in the nation’s debt and displays no signs of relief nor presents no plans to deal with the problems, several outcomes would be likely in the economy. Mankiw, 2009, Ch. 32, P. 706 describes one effect being where government spending exceeds government revenue thus representing negative public saving, therefore reducing national savings, thus reducing the supply of loanable funds, Increasing interest rates, and crowds out investment. Amadeo, 2013 shares additional effects of this scenario wherein the deficit adds to a country’s debt each year and as the debt increases and the interest on the debt must be paid, it increases spending while adding no benefit to the economy. If the interest payments continue to rise, it can begin to create a drag on the economy’s growth. Mankiw, 2009, Ch. 32, P. 706 states additional effects in that when budget deficits raise interest rates, both domestic as well as foreign behaviors cause U. S. net capital outflow to fall. Therefore, in an open economy, our government’s budget deficit raises the economy’s real interest rates, thus crowding out domestic investment, and causing the currency to appreciate, consequently pushing the trade balance toward deficit. Enactment Of New Tariffs And Quotas On All Imports The economy uses a model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply as a means to analyze the economic fluctuations of supply and demand. This model depicts both the overall price levels in the economy and the overall quantity of goods and services produced in the economy. If in fact the Federal Government were to enact new tariffs and quotas on all imports, the economy would indeed experience effects from this activity. Mankiw, 2009, Ch. 33, P. 725-726 describes the model of aggregate demand and supply being what most economist use to explain short-run fluctuations in economic activity around the long-run trend. The aggregate demand curve displays the quantity of goods and services for which households, firms, the government, and customers abroad want to buy at each price level. The aggregate supply curve shows the quantity of goods and services that firms choose to produce and sell at each price level. The impact the economy would incur in the case of tariffs enacted being taxes imposed on imported goods is the increase of the price of the goods in the domestic market, therefore domestic producers benefit due to they receive higher prices, the government benefits through the collection of tax revenues thus resulting in less goods produced and the consumer pays higher prices (Investopedia, 2013). In the case of quotas and their effect on the economy, we find that quotas are numerical limits which are imposed on imported goods and in such a case of enactment consumers are truly harmed by the quotas while domestic and foreign producers will benefit once again by receiving higher prices for goods and services (Investopedia, 2013). Loss Of Confidence In Leadership In Ability To Manage And Create Jobs The Federal government is the entity that steps in when our economy incurs unhealthy conditions within its business cycle. It is presumed that our government has tools to detect and analyze our economy to understand those events that have the potential to alter the economy’s equilibrium. With respect to the aforementioned, problems arise when the general public loses confidence in the leadership and their ability to manage the economy to include job creation. Mankiw, 2009, Ch. 33, P. 741 shares, that in the scenario of lack of confidence we find that consumers again alter their plans for the future cutting back on purchases and spending. The effect of this cutback impacts the aggregate demand curve as well as the aggregate supply curve thus impacting either the short-run equilibrium and/or the long-run equilibrium. The consequences result in falling incomes and rising unemployment due to reduction of output mirroring the shift in aggregate demand responding to lower sales and production. Amadeo, 2013 states; â€Å"consumers who drive 70% of the economy won’t spend if they don’t believe the future will be safe and secure. Therefore, the underlying role of the government is to create confidence, powering the economic growth needed to create jobs†. Decrease Taxes In Effort To Stimulate The Economy Another tool within our government and its fiscal policy to regulate and control economic growth is the taxation level. Some claim that, tax rate cuts can lead to increased economic growth, and wealth, while others claim that by reducing taxes correlates to the benefiting of the wealthy due to they pay the most taxes already. Our government possesses the powers to tax which in turn gives it greater control over its revenues. Mankiw, 2009, Ch. 34, P. 773 shares, that when our government reduces personal income taxes, it increases the take-home pay of consumers. These households will save some of this additional income, and will also spend some of it on goods and services. Because reducing taxes increases consumer spending thus stimulating the economy, the tax cut shifts the aggregate-demand curve to the right. Conversely, a tax increase represses consumer spending and shifts the aggregate-demand curve to the left. The greater question lies in ‘what is the impact in our economy of a tax reduction for those making over $250,000’? Amadeo, 2013 shares that, the government considers those families that earn more than $250,000 yearly are wealthy and therefore should pay more taxes due to their ability to afford it. Amadeo, 2013 continues by stating that, economist say they do not spend these tax cuts, but save and invest them and therefore tax cuts for the wealth do not stimulate the economy. Investment Level’s Decrease Due To Lack Of Confidence In Economy The economy revolves around the ability of consumers to invest their moneys in goods and services or deposit ones excess money into interest bearing savings accounts wherein which the financial institutions would use the funds to make loans to consumers for the purpose of investing in personal interests. The ability to invest is crucial to the long-run of our economy’s success and the functions of aggregate demand and supply and when these levels of investment decrease due to a lack of confidence in the economy several consequences begin to unfold in the economy. Mankiw, 2009, Ch. 33, P. 41 shares that, during such an event many people lose confidence in the future and alter their plans, therefore households cut back on their spending and refrain from major purchases, and businesses retract from the purchases of new equipment. AmosWeb, 2013 states; â€Å"the confidence that consumers have in the economy affects their willingness to undertake consumption expenditures†. A ny change in the confidence of consumers wherein by changing consumption expenditures, will induce changes in the economy’s aggregate demand therefore causing a leftward shift of the demand curve. Interest Rates Kept Artificially Low By Fed’s For Several Years The economy revolves around the interest rates on the many investments of the consumers and plays a crucial part in the spending on goods and services. The impact on the economy can be said to be two fold in the event that interest rates are kept artificially low by the Federal Reserve over a lengthy period of time. Mankiw, 2009, Ch. 33, P. 728 states that, interest rates affect spending on goods and services, therefore a lower interest rate makes borrowing less expensive and it encourages businesses to borrow to invest in operations and equipment as well as it encourages consumers to borrow to invest in self and home. This said, lower interest rates increase the quantity of goods and services in the economy. Conversely, Shilling, 2012 shares that artificially lower interest rates can have negative impacts on consumers in where those who are saving money are now receiving minimal to little return on their bank and money market accounts. Additionally, the day of the free checking accounts are fading away as well as banks and thrifts who deal with the lower interest earnings are increasing the amounts of required balances on checking accounts that pay zero interest up to a set minimum. It is also noted that many savers are leaving the money markets funds for the protection of accounts covered by the Federal deposit insurance corp. which is displayed in the M2 velocity of money. Conclusion Based on the aforementioned and the understanding of the foundation for which our economy and society as a whole is built upon, the need for a controlled and managed economic system to function effectively in order to facilitate trade and stabilize the flow within our economy is a must. To facilitate this need, the federal government implements policies and practices within the economy in order to regulate and control, and base decisions on those inputs and observations in order to stabilize and enable the money to grow and retract as required within our economic system to maintain a balanced equilibrium. Again, based on the aforementioned, the phrase â€Å"money makes the world go around† therefore can be attributed to the controlled systems, policies and/or networks of our federal government for which are governed to enhance and manage both the levels of and effects of our financial monetary system. Reference Amadeo, K. (2013). Budget deficit. U. S. Economy, Retrieved from http://useconomy. about. com/od/glossary/g/Budget_Deficit. htm Amadeo, K. (2013). Job creation – statistics, ideas, and job creation by president. U. S. Economy, Retrieved from http://useconomy. about. com/od/Employment/tp/Job-Creation. htm Amadeo, K. (2013). Should families making over $250,000 a year get tax cuts? President George Bush Tax cuts, Retrieved from http://useconomy. about. com/u/ua/usfederaltaxesandtax/Tax-Cuts-Should-The-Wealthy-Get-Tax-Cuts. htm AmosWeb. (2013). Consumer confidence, aggregate demand How to cite Economic Policy and Practice, Papers

Carlsberg International Strategy And Prospective Partners Commerce Essay Example For Students

Carlsberg International Strategy And Prospective Partners Commerce Essay Beer is one of the universe s most consumed alcoholic drinks. Nelson ( 2005 ) stated that it is the most popular drink after H2O and tea. There are tonss of brewing companies though accent will be made on Carlsberg in this case. The Carlsberg Group is the universe s 4th largest brewery group. The Group is distinguished by a high grade of assortment of trade names, markets and civilizations. Its activities are centred on markets where the Group has the strength and the right merchandises to procure a prima place. Due to the fluctuation of the markets, the part to growing, net incomes and development within the Group differs, both at nowadays and in the longer-term projections ( Carlsberg, 2012 ) . In states where Carlsberg has no breweries, the Group sells its merchandises through exports and licensing understandings. It aims to set up and develop strong market places for their international premium trade names through dynamic partnerships with licensing, export and duty-free spouses around the universe. The Carlsberg beer portfolio includes more than 500 trade names. They differ significantly in volume, monetary value, mark audience and geographic incursion. ( Carlsberg, 2012 ) . Outline1 Carlsberg International Strategy and Prospective Partners2 Potential acquisitions marks and strategic responses to acquisition commands3 Global trade name portfolio direction and consolidation4 Individual Reflection and Self-Analysis Carlsberg International Strategy and Prospective Partners The company operates utilizing an international scheme which implies that it takes the beer foremost produced for its domestic market and sells them internationally with merely low local customization. This highlights that the beer it sells meets a worldwide demand and at such do non confront significant rivals which implies that it is non confronted with force per unit areas to cut down its cost construction. It tends to centralise the beer development maps such as research and development in its place state and set up fabrication and selling maps in each state it operates. Carlsberg chose an international scheme for the undermentioned grounds: To increase gross revenues and net income growing by come ining new markets and besides selling in bing markets ( Hill, 2009 ) . This is achieved because it exports its merchandises to finishs like South America where it has no breweries and in some instances through licensing understandings like it did with Charrington and Tetley in Britain by giving them right to brew and bottle Carlsberg beer and in return get a royalty fee. It besides formed joint ventures with Scottish A ; Newcastle and a brewery in Honk Kong which it now to the full owns. The Group besides formed amalgamations with Danish challenger, Ruborg and Orkla of Norway which it subsequently owned to the full. From the instance survey, it is really obvious that they go into these markets at a slow but cautious gait by utilizing the services of the spouses and this is to avoid information costs and hazard and some other uncertainnesss such as trade barriers associated with foreign engagement. It besides gets to larn abou t the foreign market in instances where it formed joint ventures and amalgamations and subsequently take full control of the company. Another ground is to protect Carlsberg s place market portion because operating in foreign states takes off concern from its rivals by offering clients other picks and it lets the rivals know that they would confront the same response if they attack the place market ( Rugman A ; Collinson, 2009 ) . Furthermore, it is a tactics that Carlsberg could utilize to diversify themselves against the hazard and uncertainnesss of the domestic concern rhythm ( Rugman A ; Collinson, 2009 ) . This implies that by operating in other states it can frequently cut down the negative effects of economic swing such as recession in its place state. Despite Carlsberg apparently marauding inherent aptitude for 100 % control and ownership, prospective spouses engage with Carlsberg because of the undermentioned grounds: They will profit from its intangible belongingss ( Hill, 2009 ) , like in the instance of licensing where the licensee has the right to Carlsberg s rational belongingss such as patents, procedures and hallmarks. This besides applies to joint ventures as the spouse gets to cognize about its procedures every bit good. They would be able to offer their clients a wider scope of merchandises and services ( Mcpheat, 2010 ) . For illustration in licencing where Carlsberg gives them rights to its rational belongingss, the spouses tend to take advantage of more market chances ( freshly identified demand ) as they will non merely sell their ain merchandises but besides that of Carlsberg, which means that their clients have assortment of merchandises to take from. Aluminium EssayBesides, Carlsberg is a large company every bit good and might reject an effort to be bought because it does nt desire to lose its individuality. They could travel every bit far as reacting to any acquisition commands by buying other breweries as a signifier of defense mechanism. Due to its holding good market portions buying other breweries will do its portions bigger that it can non be bought within the brewery industry without anti-trust ( this refers to specific Torahs protecting trade and commercialism from unjust concern patterns ( Merriam-Webster, 2012 ) ) thereby doing it hard for companies like AB Inbev to get it ( Bragg, 2012 ) . Global trade name portfolio direction and consolidation A planetary scheme that sustains 500 trade names can non perchance be right because this scheme focuses on increasing profitableness and net income growing by harvesting the costs decreases that come from economic systems of graduated table and learning effects in other to hold a low-priced scheme on a planetary graduated table. This implies that this type of scheme suits where there are strong force per unit areas for cost decreases and demand for local reactivity are low. Carlsberg has 500 trade names and they customize their merchandise a spot to run into local conditions and this customization involves shorter production tallies and the duplicate of maps, which tends to raise costs. They wo nt harvest the benefits of economic systems of graduated table as there wo nt be decrease in the unit cost achieved by bring forthing different merchandise in big measures. Besides, they wo nt be able to salvage costs that come from larning by making in footings of bring forthing the same trad e name over and over once more i.e. their labour productiveness may non increase over clip as it is non easy for persons to larn most efficient of executing undertakings when a big volume of different merchandises is involved. Hence, production cost will increase due to a diminution in labour productiveness and direction efficiency, which might diminish the house s profitableness ( Hill, 2009 ) . Carlsberg should rationalize its installations and concentrate on far fewer trade names because it would be much easier to command and pull off fewer trade names and besides implementing a planetary scheme would be easier compared to when it has 500 trade names. By making this they would be able to profit from a spot from economic systems of graduated table and learning effects. Furthermore, the cost of publicizing so many trade names is comparatively expensive. The customization of the trade names would even do it more expensive if they have different advertizements for different trade names in different states. So they might desire to see concentrating on fewer trade names because the fewer the trade names the lesser the monetary value of advertisement. Individual Reflection and Self-Analysis Expectations: I had ever wanted to larn more about the universe of concern and direction and as such my outlooks for this faculty prior to get downing was to derive cognition about concern and direction in an international context as the key to a successful concern is how good the concern is managed. This outlook has been met because I have gained the preliminary cognition on how houses or administrations carry out their operations internationally for illustration the schemes on how houses enter a foreign market. It has besides given me an introductory cognition on how to place a good concern chance, have good program of action to run and besides pull off a house successfully. Challenges: I had some challenges during the faculty and this was because I studied Electrical/Electronic Engineering in my first grade and knew about nil about concern. Having to make instance surveies was nt something I had done in my old grade and so I struggled with how to critically analyse and reply the inquiries that normally follow suit. I would nt state I have wholly overcome this challenge as there are still some instances where I m still non able to grok a instance but I know reading in front of the talks and paying attending during talks has helped me to a certain extent. Preparation for Masters: I feel prepared to get down a Masters degree programme and this faculty helped me fix for it. This is because, I have learnt the rudimentss of international concern and direction and besides how to make extended researches and construction a study, and my referencing accomplishments have improved every bit good.

Purchasing Management free essay sample

Purchasing management directs the flow of goods and services in a company and handles all data relating to contact with suppliers. Effective purchasing management requires knowledge of the supply chain, business and tax laws, invoice and inventory procedures, and transportation and logistics issues. Although a strong knowledge of the products and services to be purchased is essential, purchasing management professionals must also be able to plan, execute, and oversee purchasing strategies that are conducive to company profitability. Sourcing reliable suppliers is a crucial part of purchasing management. Purchasing managers, agents, and buyers usually learn about new products and services from Internet searches, trade shows, and conferences. They meet with potential suppliers in their plants whenever possible. Skills in foreign languages may be helpful for sourcing suppliers in other countries. Purchasing management professionals must always assess potential suppliers in terms of the suppliers ability to deliver quality merchandise at a suitable price on time. We will write a custom essay sample on Purchasing Management or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Purchasing management professionals must be good negotiators, understand technical product information, have good mathematical ability, understand spreadsheet software, understand marketing methodology, and be outstanding decision makers. Increased responsibilities in purchasing management require good leadership skills, and higher positions often require a masters degree in a business related subject. Entry level purchasing management positions such as junior buyers, assistant buyers, and purchasing clerks, often require a college degree and some product knowledge. Larger distributors may require a bachelors degree for entry level purchasing management positions. Training and learning typically start in sales, then supervision, and invoice and stock monitoring. Professional purchasing management designations include Certified Purchasing Professional (CPP) in the United States, and Certified Professional Purchaser (CPP) in Canada. Purchasing managers, buyers, and materials managers control budgets, manage staff, and may analyze procurement methods as well as negotiate supplier contracts. Purchasing management professionals must understand tax laws, purchasing trends, ethics, and global outsourcing issues. Buyers and purchasing agents usually deal specifically with purchasing tasks, while purchasing managers usually supervise others, including purchasing agents. However, titles and duties vary greatly between industries and employers. Buyers often have assistants to place orders and keep track of delivery details. Buyers need the ability to select products that consumers will want to buy, so they need to understand trends as well as economic conditions that affect consumer buying decisions. Buyers employed in small stores may be responsible for purchasing the stores entire inventory, while buyers working for larger operations may focus on a few product lines. Merchandise managers may work with an advertising team to create a campaign for the goods they purchase. Follow up is an important part of purchasing management as responsibility does not end in purchasing goods. For example, merchandise managers need to check to be sure the products they buy are being displayed well to attract consumers. Buyers must keep track of customer demands for new products as well as determine how well goods are selling. Purchase Management is a function of materials management in a company. Their basic function is procuring the inputs for production function. This function encompasses suppliers in the market external to the organization and several internal to the organization. Till recently, the purchasing process simply involved placing an order with the supplier who offered the lowest price. Nowadays, increase in competition and market demand and scarcity of resources have forced organizations to reexamine their purchasing activities. The purchasing department functions have expanded considerably and include activities such as verifying the credentials of suppliers, inspecting the quality of the material to be purchased, ensuring the timely delivery of the material, etc. While the value of purchased items varies from industry to industry, it adds up to more than fifty percent of sales in all industries. Purchase management is regarded as a significant activity in many organizations because of the high cost involved in carrying out purchasing activities, increasing quality benchmarks, and increasing global competition. Purchase departments buy raw materials, parts, machinery, and services used by production systems. The objective of purchase management is to procure the right equipment, materials, supplies and services in the right quantity, of the right quality, from the right suppliers, at the right time, at the lowest price. Case 1 The Santek Images Business Unit Consolidated Products is a $21 billion company headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. The company’s five business units, which offer a wide array of products and services, are the result of an aggressive strategy of mergers and acquisitions starting in the late 1980s. The corporate staff is surprisingly small, comprised of general management, legal staff, and human resources. Part of the reason for this small staff is due to the eclectic array of businesses housed within one corporate entity. A Business Week editor recently commented that â€Å"Consolidated Products could easily be broken up into five separate companies, since at one time it was five separate companies. † The editor also said that if the company â€Å"ever learned how to leverage its size in the marketplace, Consolidated Products could be a Wall Street powerhouse! † While Consolidated Products is a global corporation with facilities around the world, it operates each business unit as a highly independent and decentralized company. The corporate culture is best described as entrepreneurial, with each business unit being headed by an executive vice president who has complete profit and loss accountability. One of the business units, Santek Images, is the focus of this case. The purchasing and supply function is becoming increasingly important to CM Manufacturers, mainly because it has become one of the greatest spender of organizational funds and directly affects the organization’s profitability. The reasons for the increasing importance of the purchasing function include: Why purchasing is important in the new competitive environment: 1. Increase number of world-class competitors 2. Sophisticated customer base 3. Balance of power between buyers and sellers 4. Greater outsourcing 5. Allow company to participate in product development and design Purchasing objective: 1. Supply chain continuity 2. Manage the purchasing process efficiently and effectively * Determine staff level * Allocate budgets * Provide training and growth opportunity * Introduce procure to pay systemc 3. Develop supply base management Select competitive suppliers by identifying suppliers with potential and build close relationship with existing suppliers 4. Develop strong relationship with other functional stakeholders 5. Develop integrated purchasing strategies that support organization strategies 6. Support organization goals and objectives Supply chain management: a strategic approach to plan for acquiring the organization’s current and future needs through effective managi ng the supply chain in conjunction with cross-function team to achieve the organizational mission. More stringent quality standards- The higher the quality standards are, the fewer the number of suppliers able to meet the requirements. Also quality standards relate to cost, since the higher the quality is, the higher the purchase cost will be. †¢ Holding inventory- CM manufacturers has to buy as effectively as possible to keep inventory levels to a minimum and reduce the cost of holding inventory. †¢ Foreign suppliers- Using overseas suppliers may reduce purchasing costs by creating more competition in the market. Foreign suppliers can also ensure the supply of materials to the enterprise, regardless of the state of the local market. Shortages of materials- Carel has to prevent stoppages in the flow of materials by becoming aware of the risk in good time and by taking the necessary steps to counteract possible shortages in the market. †¢ Cost of developing new product s- Development costs relate directly to the buyer’s attempt to obtain the right material at minimum cost for the development of new products. †¢ Greater competition- The enterprise is forced to cut costs, in order to sell its product at a competitive price. †¢ Price control- Price control over the enterprises finished products forces it to cut costs in order to make a better profit. Inflation – Inflation causes the prices of purchased goods to rise. This puts pressure on the purchasing function to buy more effectively Key Concepts: Inventory are those stocks or items used to support production (raw materials and work-in-process items), supporting activities (maintenance, repair, and operating supplies), and customer service (finished goods and spare parts). Inventory functions are anticipation, hedge, cycle (lot size), functions (safety stock, buffer, or reserve), transportation (pipeline) and service parts. Why do you keep inventory? What is the true cost of inventory holding? How much money can you add to the bottom line with good inventory management? How do you reduce you exposure to obsolete and excess inventory? How much are back orders causing you in lost sales and customer perception? What are Service levels: A desired measure (usually expressed as a percentage) of satisfying demand through inventory or by the current production schedule in time to satisfy the customers requested delivery dates and quantities. What Types of Inventory are there? There are many was to look at inventories. Inventories include raw materials: purchased items or extracted materials that are converted via the manufacturing process into components and products. Purchasing management is very important to any business, if not handled properly it can be detrimental to its success. There are steps to the creation of a project supply, service and material budge from detailed requirements within purchasing and supply management. These details show how to choose the best qualified suppliers and strategies for negotiating for the best prices and if there are benefits and costs of outsourcing, which includes the growth of outsourcing. A varied of organizations should be evaluated regarding their purchasing and supply management; what are there policies and practices in this process. In the technology industry there are companies that show market leadership in purchasing and supply management such as Dell, Toshiba and Gateway. When the term â€Å"purchasing† is mentioned most think of just buying and refers to the location and choice of suppliers, knowing the need of what needs to be bought, negoation of price and terms of agreement and then payment and delivery. The purchasing and procurement of supplies is the function and responsibility of procuring materials, supplies and services used in the course of conducting business. There was a time that purchasing and supply were viewed as two different process, today’s businesses have a different view and have combined the two processes. In Purchasing and Supply Management the authors, Johnson, Leenders and Flynn, state that â€Å"Purchasing, supply management, and procurement are used interchangeably to refer to the integration of related functions to provide effective and efficient materials and services to the organization.

Sing Joy to the World in Spanish

Sing Joy to the World in Spanish For a joyful lift to your holidays, heres a Spanish-language version of Joy to the World, the classic Christmas carol. The hymn was originally written in English by Isaac Watts. A literal translation and translation notes are provided for Spanish students. Regocijad! Jess naci  ¡Regocijad! Jesà ºs nacià ³, del mundo Salvador;y cada corazà ³n tornad a recibir al Rey,a recibir al Rey. Venid a recibir al Rey.  ¡Regocijad! Él reinar; cantemos en unià ³n;y en la tierra y en el mar loor resonar,loor resonar, y gran loor resonar. Ya la maldad vencida es; la tierra paz tendr.La bendicià ³n del Salvador quità ³ la maldicià ³n,quità ³ la maldicià ³n; Jesà ºs quità ³ la maldicià ³n.  ¡Glorias a Dios cantemos hoy! Seà ±or de Israel,la libertad tà º le dars y tà º sers su Dios,y tà º sers su Dios, Seà ±or, y tà º sers su Dios. Translation of Spanish Lyrics Rejoice! Jesus was born, Savior of the world;and each heart turn to receive the King,to receive the King. Come to receive the King. Rejoice! He will reign; let us sing in unison;and in the the land and in the sea praise will echo,praise will echo, and great praise will echo. The evil now is conquered; the earth will have peace.The Saviors blessing removed the curse,removed the curse. Jesus removed the curse. Today we sing glories to God! Lord of Israel,You will give her liberty and You will be her God,and You will be her God, Lord, and You will be her God. Grammar and Vocabulary Notes Regocijad: This is the familiar second-person plural imperative form (the vosotros form) of regocijar, which means to rejoice. It isnt a particularly common verb. In everyday conversation, youre unlikely to hear familiar plural imperative forms of verbs much outside of Spain, as in Latin American the formal you (ustedes) is used even in informal contexts. Nacià ³: This is the third-person plural preterite of nacer, which has no one-word equivalent in English, meaning to be born. Nacer is conjugated the same way as conocer. Del mundo Salvador: In everyday speech or writing, youd be much more likely to say Salvador del mundo for Savior of the world. In music, however, theres considerably more latitude with word order to get the desired rhythm. Tornad: Like regocijad, this is a plural-you command. Tornar typically means to convert or to turn into, and it is used most frequently in a religious context. As you may have noticed, the vosotros imperative form of the verb is made simply by changing the final r of the infinitive to a d. And this is always true - there are no irregular verbs for this form. Al: Al is one of only two contractions in Spanish, shortening a and el. The a here is the personal a, used because the direct object is el Rey, a person. (The other contraction is del, for de and el.) Venid: From the verb venir. Cantemos: From the verb cantar (to sing). This is the first-personal plural imperative form. En unià ³n: Although this phrase could be translated as in union, in unison is used because of the context of choral singing. Loor: This word is rare enough you wont find it in smaller dictionaries. It means praise. Resonar: Resonar means to resound or, more poetically, to echo or to ring. Gran: Gran is an example of apocopation, the shortening or clipping of certain adjectives when they immediately precede a noun. Although some adjectives are shortened only before masculine nouns, the singular grande is shortened whether masculine or feminine. Its meaning also changes from large to great. La maldad vencida es: This is another case of poetic word order. In everyday speech, youd more likely say, La maldad es vencida, evil is overcome. This sentence is in the passive voice, not directly stating what overcomes evil. Bendicià ³n: Blessing (ben- good, -dicià ³n saying, from the verb decir). Quità ³: Past tense of quitar, to remove. Maldicià ³n: Curse (mal- bad) Seà ±or: Although this word is often used as a courtesy title meaning the equivalent of Mr., it can also mean Lord. La libertad tà º le dars: This and the remainder of the song is an example of personification. The pronoun le usually isnt used to refer to things, only to people. But here it refers to Israel, which has been personified. Le is an indirect pronoun; the direct pronoun here is libertad, that which is being given.

List of 50 Compliments and Nice Things to Say!

List of 50 Compliments and Nice Things to Say! List of 50 Compliments and Nice Things to Say! List of 50 Compliments and Nice Things to Say! By Michael Too often I forget to do it. But when Im pleased or impressed by someone, I need to make a point to write them a note. Some people are embarrassed by strong face-to-face compliments. After all, if a compliment isnt heartfelt, it may seem mocking instead. But if you think they will be uncomfortable, you can always send your compliments about them to a third party. And if you preface your compliment with I think youre or Ive always liked how, it may be easier to accept. After all, they may say, you have a right to your opinion. But secretly, everyone likes specific praise. Here are 50 compliments, so that when you say something good about someone else, you can say it more precisely. accomplished for someone who has not only accomplished many things, but has accomplished them skillfully and with flair. admirable worthy of admiration, someone who should be looked up to. adorable for someone, often a child, who is cute and inspires affection and fondness, who seems worthy of love. Originally, worthy of worship, but rarely used in that sense. affable for someone is friendly and a good conversationalist; easy to talk to, courteous and gracious. agreeable for someone whose personality is suitable and pleasing to you. If they disagree with your ideas, they will do it tactfully and pleasantly. alluring so attractive they are like a lure, tempting and enticing. Not a compliment to be given after a business lunch. amiable pleasant and likable, kind and kind-hearted, sweet and gracious; literally friendable, since it comes from the French and Latin words for friend, which comes from the word for love. amusing for someone who makes you laugh, though the word can easily sound condescending or patronizing. beautiful for someone who is physically attractive (usually a woman is beautiful, a man is handsome), but can also describe aspects of a person: a beautiful spirit, a beautiful mind. bright clever and intelligent, a quick learner. The word has a positive connotation: someone with a bright mind makes for pleasant company, which cant be said for a smarty-pants or a know-it-all. charming for someone with an attractive personality, as if they possess a magical charm that makes them likable. cheerful optimistic and happy, whose pleasant attitude is either contagious or annoying (some people dont want to be cheered up). commendable worthy of commendation, praise, admiration and recognition. congenial for someone with whom others enjoy spending time, who is sociable, affable, and fits in well. convivial merry and cheerful, as at a community feast, which is the meaning of the Latin combination of together and live. cordial warm, sincere, and affectionate. The Latin root means of the heart. diplomatic tactful and courteous, who knows how to make peace and soothe offenses, like a good diplomat or ambassador. distinguished celebrated for their accomplishments, who stands out above the crowd. elegant graceful and refined, precise and restrained in style. eminent for someone who stands out as remarkable and noteworthy in their field. Not to be confused with imminent. enchanting for someone with an attractive personality, who delights others with their charm. engaging interesting and appealing, who makes others want to be involved with him or her. enthusiastic eager, even excited; fervent and zealous. Originally a religious term among the ancient Greeks. estimable worthy of admiration and respect. You would get an idea of its meaning if you misspelled and mispronounced it as esteemable. fun entertaining, amusing, and enjoyable. A compliment for those who help others laugh, not a compliment for those who are laughed at. genial cheerful and friendly, from the Latin for festive. The word congenial adds the Latin prefix for with. gracious for someone who doesnt embarrass, who is always tactful, kind, and warmly courteous. graceful for someone who isnt embarrassed, who is elegant and natural. handsome good-looking: usually an attractive man, but sometimes a striking and impressive woman. honorable worthy of honor and respect, or who is honest and principled. inspiring encouraging and energizing. Not as sentimental as the word inspirational so its more useful as a compliment. jolly merry and cheerful. Famously used to describe Santa Claus. jovial good-humored and outgoing, traditionally influenced by the planet Jupiter. kindly gentle and affectionate, considerate and warm-hearted. Typical of grandparents. laudable commendable and praiseworthy, someone who should be extolled and applauded. likable easy to like, personable, endearing. masterful skillful and proficient, a master of their craft, or sometimes a master of other people. pleasant agreeable, pleasing, personable. One of the most general and innocuous words in this list. praiseworthy commendable, admirable, meritorious. refined cultured, elegant, polished, not vulgar, sometimes prissy. refreshing invigorating, stimulating, vitalizing, pleasantly different. remarkable notable, amazing, extraordinary. Worth writing down. reputable respectable, well-regarded, with a good reputation. A reputable merchant will not cheat you, and others can confirm that fact. skillful proficient, adept, talented, able, practiced. smart clever, intelligent, shrewd, cultivated. An elegant person may be a smart dresser. solid reliable, substantial, dependable. Solid people can be counted on, like a solid floor. sweet kind, pleasant, thoughtful, not sour or bitter. A word much more common used by women. sympathetic compassionate, friendly, especially when youre troubled. From the Greek for suffering together. thoughtful considerate, caring, attentive, solicitous. Because a thoughtful person thinks about you, they help you. worthy deserving, having worth, principled, deserving, reputable. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Possessive of Proper Names Ending in S"Owing to" vs "Due to"The Difference Between "Shade" and "Shadow"

Oil drilling on federal land Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Oil drilling on federal land - Research Paper Example The United States ranks first in natural gas production and third in oil production owing to increased domestic exploration, which poses uncertainty considering that the country holds about 4% of the world natural gas and oil reserves (The Wilderness Society 1). The proponents of onshore exploration justify their actions as those of seeking energy security by making use of the country’s mineral reserves. As such, millions of acres of federal lands have been leased to oil and gas companies accounting for thousands of wells drilled every year. It is for the alarming rate of this endeavor that has attracted significant scrutiny from citizens, stakeholders, and government officials calling for regulation. This follows risks involved in exploration procedures and consequent fallout effects that range from environmental effects to human health. Therefore, it is important to examine the benefits and detriments of onshore drilling with aim of evaluating its sustainability in the long term. Equally important is examination of the resolve that seeks to open federal lands and waters for oil and gas exploration. The move to enhance the use of federal lands and waters to oil and gas exploration has its benefits to the country’s energy economics. ... With this in mind, it is important that a quick resolution to mitigate negative impacts to the economy is formulated and implemented to the letter. Leasing of federal land to oil and gas companies is seen as the best move to ensure economic stability in the country. This gives the oil industry a chance to participate effectively in domestic energy production and limit uncertainty. This is achieved though exploration of the natural resources, which is vital the country’s energy and economic security (Alleman 2). With exploration on federal lands and waters, the country becomes independent and does not rely on the foreign oil market for its energy. The potential of the US oil reserves remains unknown following restrictive federal policy on onshore drilling, and thus limits the chances of gaining energy independence. Such independence would guarantee a low cost of living owing to a significant drop in the cost of energy. Domestic onshore drilling also serves to benefit the societ y with regard to providing employment opportunities in various capacities ranging from primary to tertiary jobs. Drilling premises require specialized technicians, scientists, and laborers in addition to essential supporting services such as health, hospitality, and transport. This is an important aspect of the regional economy as leased federal areas benefiting from exploration activities (SWCA Environmental Consultants 4). This has been demonstrated by the state of affairs in western states where authorization has been approved. With the approval of the resolve to free up federal land, affected regions should expect a surge in the demand for skilled labor. In essence, the expansion of the energy production into

Cases Analysis Part 3 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Cases Analysis Part 3 - Coursework Example In this specific case, stating that if Williams ever missed a payment, the store could repossess all the items that Williams had ever bought from Walker, regardless of how long ago they were purchased is a strong example of unconscionable clause. If the clause referred only to that one purchase to which the missed payment referred, it would not be considered unreasonable and unfair. I believe that in this case, the bargaining power of the parties was definitely unequal, placing the consumer in a disadvantaged position. Therefore, Williams should ask the Court not to enforce this specific clause, based on its unconscionability and unfairness. Moreover, in multiple previous cases, it was held that a court can refuse to enforce a clause, if it considers it unconscionable. For example, a leading case in this is Scott v. United States2, where it was held by the Supreme Court that: â€Å"If a contract be unreasonable and unconscionable, but not void for fraud, a court of law will give to the party who sues for its breach damages, not according to its letter, but only such as he is equitably entitled to.† Also, the Uniform Commercial Code provides exact stipulations on this matter in paragraph 2-302, where it stipulates that: â€Å"(1) If the court as a matter of law finds the contract or any clause of the contract to have been unconscionable at the time it was made the court may refuse to enforce the contract, or it may enforce the remainder of the contract without the unconscionable clause, or it may so limit the application of any unconscionable clause as to avoid any unconscionable result. (2) When it is claimed or appears to the court that the contract or any clause thereof may be unconscionable the parties shall be afforded a reasonable opportunity to present evidence as to its commercial setting, purpose and effect to aid the court in making the determination. â€Å"3 This means that by law, Courts are entitled to refuse to enforce a contract or a clau se, if it finds it unconscionable, which is the case of Williams. CHAPTER 12 CASE 3 There are several issues that Horizon House Microwave Inc. can use in its favor. First of all, it refers to Hall’s reasons to getting a job for HHM. If Hall decided to become an employee at HHM only because of the promise he was made by Bazzy, it is one thing. BUT, if Hall had been working for HHM for a period prior to the promise, the situation changes. This means that while being employed at HHM, Hall received a full salary package and he was actually fairly remunerated for his work and he suffered no material loss for not purchasing company stocks. Therefore, no material damages can be claimed by Hall from HHM. Another important issue that could be used by Bazzy to refuse to sell stock to Hall as agreed may be the lack of a written agreement on this, that would confirm Bazzy’s intention to be bound to the verbal promise he has made. I would advise Bazzy to refer to the General Statut es, specifically  § 42a-8-319 where it is expressly stipulated that "A contract for the sale of securities is not enforceable by way of action or defense unless (a) there is some writing signed by the party against whom enforcement is sought or by his authorized agent or broker sufficient to indicate that a contract has been made for sale of a stated quantity of described securities at a defined or stated price; or (b) delivery of the security has been accepted or payment has been made but the contract is

Merchants of Cool Essay Example for Free

Merchants of Cool Essay In watching the film, Merchants of Cool, which was aired in 2001, it is quite concerning how our society is turning to consuming as a means of achieving a satisfying standard of living. The film brought to light how large media companies, especially conglomerates that own all production and distribution of media from start to finish, study and sell to teen youths because of their large quantity of â€Å"guilt money†, disposable income giving to youth by parents to keep them happy. They have become the most marketed group, which in turn turns the youth into adults that continue to seek happiness in consuming. The fear in this standard of living is that we start losing touch with our true values, and instead of looking towards family, community, ethnicity and religion as the creator of cultural forms, we are now being oriented as a society by the world of commodities. And with the advancement of technology, so has marketing research advanced, where we are being specifically being catered to with ads to continue this cycle of finding meaning and happiness through the purchase of goods and services. Advertisers know that they cannot sell meaning and happiness, but they can illicit those feelings by advertising visions of what a â€Å"good life† should be through the selling of products, known as **image-based advertising**. Sut Jhally’s article, Image-Based Culture: Advertising and Popular Culture, explains how image-based advertising has been so integrated into our way of thought and consumption that it is difficult to pinpoint when our most cherished values became tied into consumer culture (p 201). Advertisements have taken up so much of our public space and discourse, and now even our private with the advancement of technology, that we are constantly being shown what the vision of happiness is, and what we must buy to achieve a satisfying standard of living. Juliet Schor’s article, The New Politics of Consumption: Why Americans Want So Much More Than They Need, breaks down the idea that Americans live in a constant state of **dis-ease**: worrying about the preoccupation with getting and spending (p 205). Not only is this disconcerting because it takes away from living in the moment, but it pushes us to live beyond our means. We aren’t happy because we do not emulate what we see as the â€Å"good life† because of the growing aspirational gap because of upscale emulation. We are never at ease where we stand economically and socially, and feel the pressures to keep up. And although this is a problem with the upper and middle class, it is a more dangerous problem for the lower class. The trickle effect of status symbol goods, such as state of the art phones, flat screen televisions, etc. , sets up those with limited resources and aspirations of living the â€Å"good life† by buying those goods for continual financial failure through consumption of expensive goods that is beyond their means. The film, The Merchants of Cool, aired in 2001, and the way that companies acquired information from the consumer was with â€Å"cool hunters†, marketing researchers who would research and interview to see what trends could be capitalized on. The analyzing was apparent, as opposed to now where consumers are being researched and targeted in ways that are more subtle, and now advertisers have the tools to more conspicuously sell us the â€Å"good life†. On the radio interview â€Å"How Companies are ‘Defining Your Worth’ Online†, Joseph Turrow discussed how marketers don’t even have to do much to gather information from us, they can now track our online movements using digital tracking like cookies. This information is gathered and sold to advertisers by data marketers, unbeknownst to us. Market research has evolved so much because of the growing digital world we live in. And advertisers are now able to subtly sell to us in a personally targeted way, instead of the blatant in your face banner ads that we would automatically close without even reading them. Although this is perfectly legal, the downfall falls on the consumer that is being researched and targeted. Our sense of consumption is insatiable when we are constantly being targeted, we lose a sense of privacy when we are constantly being watched, and, as Joseph Turrow also discussed, and we can also be targets of **digital social discrimination**. Digital social discrimination, which is the idea that companies can take digital information and make inferences of what kind of ads are suitable for the individual consumer, they target only certain ads, discounts, and such (2012). Advertisers then think of that individual only in a certain way, and may even target ads that may have negative connotations, such as getting out of debt ads, weight loss, and such. Consumers are being categorized, and because of the categories they are being targeted by certain ads, which perhaps sell a good that is not appropriate, and denied others because of assumptions being made by the online information gathered on that individual. This is why it is important to have some sort of regulatory system overseeing the structure and ownership of media. U. S. government plays only a small role in determining who owns the media, and only regulates it minimally, and the power of the U. S. media that uses the market research to produce products reaches us not just here in the United States, but also has a global impact. Because of the United States’ **cultural imperialism**, where American styles in fashion and food, as well as media far, dominate the global market, our versions of the â€Å"good life† are influenced on parts of the world, as discussed in Richard Campbell’s â€Å"Media Economics and the Global Marketplace†, (p 411). Our ‘cultural dumping’ of exporting U. S. media can influence other countries societal value systems, development of original local products, and abandon their own rituals to adopt American tastes. In reality, the power behind these large media researchers, marketers, producers, and distributors, who are often the owned by the same company, is astounding and influences not only our lives as an individual, but also has the potential to influence on a global level. They are able to gather information about individuals, sell it, and categorize as they see fit, leaving us with no sense of privacy, with the goal of selling us as many goods and services as possible until we reach the unattainable â€Å"good life†, which is a vision that they have carefully created. Until we, as consumers, are more aware of how much consumption has taken over our sense of self-worth and satisfaction and how little privacy we have in the new digital age, we will keep trying to buy the â€Å"good life†. ?

film analysis :: essays research papers

Theme of Bodies, Rest and Motion This is a story about searching and trying to find home. Four people are looking for their place in life. It’s about belonging. They are at the beginning of the film living a superficial temporary existence. We have a character Nick who is a man lost, he is looking for a purpose, a sense of belonging and direction. He is disconnected from his family and even from society, from his job, from his girlfriend. He seeking and wanting and does not know what that is but he knows he is missing something or someone. Next we have Sid who at the beginning of the film is just the opposite of Nick. He is a body at rest. He belongs. His is happy with where he is and who he is and is not wanting. He is self-aware, comfortable with his life. He is happy just exactly where he is doing what he does and sure of his place in life. His character is unconventional. He doesn’t know to feel inferior that he is a painter, that he’s never been out of Enfield. When Carol asks him which is his career, the painting or the lawn mowing, her condescension is lost on him. He is free of want until he meets Beth. Beth is in a sort of a lull. She too is searching but not in the way that Nick is. She is not pained by it. Beth is the one that nudges Sid into motion. Beth is living with Nick and senses his chaos but is less pained and less needy. The film opens with everything already in transition, in motion. We first see an escalator moving up and down. People are going places and the escalator tells us that nothing is going to remain as they are. Nick works as a TV salesman but he’s been fired and it’s his last day, he lives with Beth but that soon changes, he lives in Enfield, Arizona but he plans to move tomorrow to Butte, Montana. Nothing is concrete nothing is working, not even the toaster. The next image we see is the desert, vast, endless and un-chartered desert, again the idea of being lost, searching and of course being nowhere. Next, we see Beth at a left turn lane of an intersection, lost in thought, staring into space, she neither knows where she is nor does she know where she is heading.

Neurological-Based Behavior Essay

For my reflection paper, I chose to give my opinion on the NBB’s, short for â€Å"Neurological-Based Atypical Behaviors†. NBB is defined as a collection of deeds or the behavior of children that happen outside the usual boundaries of self control. According to Dr. Paula Cook, specialist in teaching students with NBB, about 10 percent of students cannot control what they say or do reliably. They are found in almost all schools but they do not all have the same disorder or disease. There are a number of different disorders all under the same title: NBB. In my reflection I will briefly explain the most common NBB diagnoses along with their symptoms and how they should be dealt with in class. While I was reading this chapter, I came across different scenarios where the students would misbehave but I could not tell why. As I continued to read I noticed that if I did not have the correct training I could not explain how to deal with these children or even recognize that their behavior pointed to a type of NBB. There are 3 indicators that can help identify if a student has NBB and those are: behavior, language and academic difficulties; in decreasing order of importance. Behavior difficulties are compulsive, atypical and inconsistent behavior. Language difficulty is when the student has trouble understanding and expressing learnt information verbally. Last of all is the academic difficulty where the student has difficulty in motor comprehension and mathematical skills as well as the learning memory gap. There are 8 common disorders and most can be diagnosed in the classroom. I will briefly mention each one with its given symptoms. First and most common disorder is SID or Sensory Integration Dysfunction. Students with this disorder have trouble taking in information through their senses. This is the major reason for: hyperactivity, inattention, movement in class, learning and behavioral difficulties, etc.. The way to deal with this disorder in class is to keep the class tidy and clean as well as remove loud noises and bright lights. Also you can lessen the colors and distracting objects found in the classroom. ADHD is our second disorder in this list. It is commonly misdiagnosed as Bipolar disorder or OCD because the symptoms are very similar. These symptoms include: Short attention span, weak impulse control, hyperactivity. This disorder is found in males more than in females and the cause is neuro-developmental. There are many ways a teacher can deal with ADHD students. These children tend to find difficulty in being organized and they are extremely fidgety. Some ways to deal with the disorganization is to prepare a checklist for all students to use. They can tick off all their objectives when they’ve completed them thus staying organized and making it a habit. The next disorder is ODD or Oppositional Defiant Disorder where the child is extremely uncooperative and hostile. He/she will tend to throw tantrums when asked to do something they do not wish to do. This type of disorder is easy to deal with. Recognition and earshot or indirect praise will help boost the self esteem of a child and condition them to behave well. As mentioned before, bipolar disorder is often misdiagnosed as ADHD or depression or even OCD since the symptoms of these disorders are very similar but with minor variations that lead to major difference in diagnosis. Getting to know â€Å"Student X† on a personal basis is the biggest step toward helping this child fit in to the class and dealing with this disorder as simply as possible. Getting to know the child forms a certain bond of trust allowing the teacher to control the mood swing and abrupt behavior as much as possible. Learning disabilities (LD) are a wide range of disorders that affect the learning process of a student. The most widespread of all LDs is dyslexia which is where the student has difficulty processing language. Other examples of LD are dyscalculia, dyspraxia, and dysgraphia. These students are usually visual learners meaning they are better taught when using objects and graphic diagrams etc†¦ The last 2 disorders I will be discussing are ASD (Autistic Spectrum Disorder) and FASD (Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder). The first refers to the disorder where children show delay in communication and socialization skills, impaired social development, and repetitive behavior. One of the most famous autistic adults is Dr. Temple Grandin. He has been on television on shows such as the Today Show and Larry King Live as well as The New York Times and Forbes magazines. Children with autism no matter what the severity respond well to decrease in sensory load. FASD is a disorder that can very simply be avoided. Cause: Alcohol consumption or smoking during pregnancy. Solution: No alcohol or smoking during pregnancy. Symptoms are widely ranged and each person behaves differently. Two people diagnosed with the same disorder may react in two very different ways depending on their personality. After having discussed all the above, I have been asked to give my input on the matter. Of everything stated in this presentation I had a vague idea of almost all the common disorders related to NBB but now I have learned how to recognize them while in a classroom as well as earned how to deal with students in such cases. The thing that caught my attention most was how to deal with such students while teaching an inclusive class. Methods may vary but the most important of all methods is the sensory balance and the â€Å"talk less† routine. I, myself, have encountered students with mild ADHD and moderate to extreme OCD both of which are common disorders that tend to hinder leaning experience. Both of these students were my friends. Student 1(ADHD) could not focus on an exam if a typo was found. In addition to his mild color blindness which amplified his ADHD because it would distract him from the main purpose of a question. Student 2: (OCD) This person had a severe case of OCD. He was admitted into therapy and started on anti-anxiety pills because of this disorder. He has the tendency to fidget and cannot stay in one place for too long which can explain on its own how it can stand in the way of his learning experience. In my opinion, teachers should be trained in recognizing and dealing with these students and their atypical behavior in ways that will least disturb the process of learning. Also, students diagnosed later on with SEVERE cases of NBB should be separated from the class and given the just attention needed. In other cases, the right amount of training could help a teacher successfully lead an inclusive class, or a shadow teacher could be assigned to students who need it.

Questions in Christianity Today Essay

The Christian population is growing every day. With the economy today people are starting to turn to God for answers and pray for help with their problems. Since so many people are starting to look to God for answers I decided to talk about the following three topics: â€Å"Did Jesus Claim to be God?†, â€Å"Did Jesus need to be born of a virgin?†, and â€Å"What can your local church do to better communicate Gods love to your community?† There are many questions and concerns about these topics. Although there are a lot of debatable questions it is clear to see that Jesus did claim to be God. Did Jesus Claim to be God Jesus never said in the Bible â€Å"I am God†. He did however say in John 10:30 â€Å"I and the Father are one†. Because of the ways the Jews reacted to his statement they said he was claiming to be God and then tried to stone him for this reason. We must see that the creation of the universe was done by God, but we must also remember that God is made of the Trinity which is the Father, Son and Holy Spirit. These three things make God. Since the Son of the Trinity would be Jesus it would be possible for Jesus and God to be the creator of the universe because they are one. Before Christ was born, God spoke to Moses and told him that his name was Yahweh. Yahwen is also known as I AM. I AM was the scared name of God and Jesus used it for himself. In the passage John 8:56-58 Jesus makes it clear that he is not merely a mortal man. â€Å"Your father Abraham rejoices at the thought of seeing my day; he saw it and was glad.† â€Å"You are not yet fifty years old,† the Jews said to him, â€Å"and you have seen Abraham!† â€Å"I tell you the truth,† Jesus answered, â€Å"before Abraham was born I am!† At this, they picked up stones to stone him, but Jesus hid himself, slipping away from the temple grounds. In an article I read, it says that there is a great deal of secondary evidence that Jesus is the Son of God. His teachings, miracles and resurrection claim this. Jesus had a special relationship with God and claimed to be alive before Abraham. People asked if he was the Son of God or said that He was and Jesus either affirmed or denied it. Did Jesus Need to be born of a Virgin? The miracle of a virgin birth has kept people from accepting the truth of Christianity. The bible does say that God had decided his son would have a miraculous entrance into the world. The verse Isaiah 7:14 says â€Å"Therefore the Lord himself will give you a sign: Behold the virgin will be with child and bear a son, and she will call his name Immanuel† God was unhappy with the way the world was turning out. So many people were committing sin. This is why he decided to bring his Son to the world to help guide and teaching people. The virgin birth of Jesus was very important. To come into the world to teach the people about sin he needed to be sinless himself. This is why God called upon the Holy Spirit to go to the Virgin Mary and plant his seed in her womb. Many debate on how a virgin can be pregnant and how Jesus became Human. In fact Jesus received his human aspects from his mother, whereas he still had his deity because God was his father. In order to keep his deity he could not be born of sin. Since all are born with sin because they are conceived by man, Jesus was not conceived by man which makes him pure and having no sin. Local Churches and the Community It is important to treat others as you would want to be treated. A lot of Christians today look down on those who don’t believe the way that they do. You shouldn’t judge anyone on their perspective about God. God is the only one who can judge. Christians should just share Gods love to those who do not accept him. When non believers look into becoming Christian, they look to their local churches for answers. This is why it is important for churches to be well informative and also have their doors open for all perspectives. You can expect a non believer to come if they feel like they are going to be judged as soon as they walk in the door. It is important for Christians to spread the word about God. We just have to make sure we go about it a certain way. No one wants to feel as if they are being preached to all the time. You have to be prepared to listen to their point of view without judgment. It’s ok to debate as long as it’s not taken to a certain level. I think personal experiences on why you believe a certain way could help others understand better. You can’t just tell someone why they should believe a certain way without some kind of reason behind it. Churches can also have a big impact on the way people view Christianity. It is the churches responsibility to get the word out about God. Not only can Churches open their doors to teach the word of God but they can do things to help the community. Churches can have food drive, feed the homeless, volunteer at nursing homes, help community members with funeral cost or just raise money to help someone. People in the community wither they are Christian or not will see what good the church will do for others. This could make non believers come to that church to learn more on what they are about. In conclusion, Jesus did claim to be God, he was born of a virgin, and there are many way churches can help out the community. Jesus allowed people to worship him, which worshiping was only supposed to be allowed for God. He was born of a virgin to help the people with their sin. God did this on purpose because he needed help. People can help local churches spread the love of God. It is important for the people to give a good image about the church to bring non believers in. We want to give everyone the same love and respect as we would want for ourselves.

Book Review A Farewell to Arms essays

Book Review A Farewell to Arms essays A Farewell to Arms is about Frederick Henry, an American second lieutenant in the Italian army who falls in love with an English volunteer nurse named Catherine Barkley during the first World War. After Henry is wounded, he is sent the hospital where Catherine is stationed. This where their love affair begins. After healing, Henry returns to the war effort, only to later desert the Italian army. He escapes with Catherine who becomes pregnant with his child. She dies due to complications during birth and Henry finally realizes that death is the end of all things: something that we learn Catherine already knew but Henry was unwilling to acknowledge until after his love was gone. As far as being a war novel and a love story, the book was very well done. It mixes the combination of both love and violence very well. We are able to understand the feelings and messages sent in the conversations and scenes between Catherine and Henry and we are also able to interpret the raw, violent nature of war from the accounts given to the reader by Frederick Henry. One negative that does stand out in my mind is the blandness of the characters, Frederick Henry in particular. He is an unemotional character in my opinion and really detracts from the story, especially considering he is also the narrator. I believe that the book wouldve been better if told in the third-person omniscient point-of-view so that the qualities of character, or I should say the lack thereof, in Frederick Henry wouldnt show as strongly. One might disagree in saying that telling a story in the first-person point-of-view adds to the tone and feeling of the story. I agree, but not with this particular character. Ive read where Hemingway likes to add subtle symbols and understate events as if they were normal, every-day occurrences. For the most part, I enjoy those kinds of things in a book. But in this book, those things are too understated. Its nice ...

Iraq War Military History - Battle of Fallujah

Iraq War Military History - Battle of Fallujah The Second Battle of Fallujah was fought November 7 to 16, 2004, during the Iraq War (2003-2011). Lieutenant General John F. Sattler and Major General Richard F. Natonski led 15,000 American and Coalition troops against approximately 5,000 insurgent fighters led by Abdullah al-Janabi and Omar Hussein Hadid. Background Following escalating insurgent activity and Operation Vigilant Resolve (First Battle of Fallujah) in the spring of 2004, U.S.-led Coalition Forces turned fighting in Fallujah over to the Iraqi Fallujah Brigade. Led by Muhammed Latif, a former Baathist general, this unit ultimately collapsed, leaving the city in the hands of the insurgents. This, along with the belief that insurgent leader Abu Musab al-Zarqawi was operating in Fallujah, led to the planning of Operation Al-Fajr (Dawn)/Phantom Fury with the goal of retaking the city. It was believed that between 4,000–5,000 insurgents were in Fallujah. The Plan Located approximately 40  miles west of Baghdad, Fallujah was effectively surrounded by U.S. forces by October 14. Establishing checkpoints, they sought to ensure that no insurgents were able to escape the city. Civilians were encouraged to leave to prevent being caught in the coming battle, and an estimated 70–90 percent of the citys 300,000 citizens departed. During this time, it was clear that an assault on the city was imminent. In response, the insurgents prepared a variety of defenses and strong points. The attack on the city was assigned to the I Marine Expeditionary Force (MEF). With the city cordoned off, efforts were made to suggest that the Coalition attack would come from the south and southeast as had occurred in April. Instead, I MEF intended to assault the city from the north across its entire breadth. On November 6, Regimental Combat Team 1, consisting of the 3rd Battalion/1st Marines, 3rd Battalion/5th Marines, and the U.S. Armys 2nd Battalion/7th Cavalry, moved into position to assault the western half of Fallujah from the north. They were joined by Regimental Combat Team 7, made up of the 1st Battalion/8th Marines, 1st Battalion/3rd  Marines, the U.S. Armys 2nd Battalion/2nd Infantry, the 2nd Battalion/12th Cavalry, and 1st Battalion 6th Field Artillery, which would attack the eastern part of the city. These units were joined by about 2,000 Iraqi troops as well.   The Battle Begins With Fallujah sealed, operations began at 7:00 p.m. on November 7, when Task Force Wolfpack moved to take objectives on the west bank of the Euphrates River opposite Fallujah. While Iraqi commandos captured Fallujah General Hospital, Marines secured the two bridges over the river to cut off any enemy retreat from the city. A similar blocking mission was undertaken by the British Black Watch Regiment south and east of Fallujah. The next evening, RCT-1 and RCT-7, backed by air and artillery strikes, commenced their attack into the city. Using Army armor to disrupt the insurgents defenses, the Marines were able to effectively attack enemy positions, including the main train station. Though engaged in fierce urban combat, Coalition troops were able to reach Highway 10, which bisected the city, by the evening of November 9. The eastern end of the road was secured the next day, opening a direct supply line to Baghdad. Insurgents Cleared Despite heavy fighting, Coalition forces controlled approximately 70 percent of Fallujah  by the end of November 10. Pressing across Highway 10, RCT-1 moved through the Resala, Nazal, and Jebail neighborhoods, while the RCT-7 assaulted an industrial area in the southeast. By November 13, U.S. officials claimed that most of the city was under Coalition control. The heavy fighting continued for the next several days as Coalition forces moved house-to-house eliminating insurgent resistance. During this process, thousands of weapons were found stored in houses, mosques, and tunnels connecting buildings around the city. The process of clearing the city was slowed by booby-traps and improvised explosive devices. As a result, in most cases, soldiers only entered buildings after tanks had rammed a hole in a wall or specialists had blasted a door open. On November 16, U.S. officials announced that Fallujah had been cleared, but that there were still sporadic episodes of insurgent activity. Aftermath During the Battle of Fallujah,  51 U.S. forces were killed and 425 seriously wounded, while Iraqi forces lost 8 soldiers with 43 wounded. Insurgent losses are estimated at between 1,200 to 1,350 killed. Though Abu Musab Al-Zarqawi was not captured during the operation, the victory severely damaged the momentum the insurgency had gained before Coalition forces held the city. Residents were allowed to return in December, and they slowly began rebuilding the badly damaged city. Having suffered terribly  in Fallujah, the insurgents began to avoid open battles, and the number of attacks again began to rise. By 2006, they controlled much of Al-Anbar province, necessitating another sweep through Fallujah in September, which lasted until January 2007. In the fall of 2007, the city was turned over to the Iraqi Provincial Authority.

Second paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Second paper - Essay Example First, we can start our research using books, scholarly articles, and holding meetings with the children who committed crimes. The second way to carry out research is using internet-based material, which contains web pages, blogs, and websites of different organizations. The outcomes of both approaches towards the research, which include research based on personal efforts and internet based research, are not the same in all cases. There exist some differences in the outcomes because all websites are not very authentic and may contain incorrect facts regarding any specific issue. If we need to do internet-based research, we have look for the credibility of the websites, which we want to consult. There are three types of websites present on the internet, which include good websites, bad websites, and okay level websites. Good websites are those, which are supervised by some specific organizations or the government of a country. If the URL address of a website ends up in .gov or .State abbreviation, it is a good and reliable website. Bad websites are those, which do not have any authentic owner or source. In bad websites, the articles describe the facts based on different opinions of people, which are not considered authentic in research. Okay level websites are those, in which the articles are not very outdated, rather they have been published recently. Talking about credibility of the internet-based research, I personally feel that the research, which a researcher carries out using good websites, is a credible research because the data and information included in the government or state websites are accurate and do not contain any unverified material. Such websites can also influence a researcher’s initial claim by providing the researcher with fact based and updated information related to the research topic, which may be different from the researcher original perspective. Not all websites can change or influence a writer’s initial beliefs about an y research topic. Only those websites have the ability to make a good impact on a writer’s perceptions, which belong to authentic organizations and contain authentic information. One of the negative aspects of using internet as a research tool is that it decreases our abilities to consult books and to communicate with the people during research. When everything will be there on the internet, hardly any researcher will want to spend time on finding correct books and sources for the research. More and more people are focusing on the use of internet for research purposes because of the availability of ample information on various search engines but the credibility of that information is still a big question for the researchers. Although internet-based research saves time of the researchers, but it adversely affects the learning, reading, and thinking abilities of the researchers (Carr). Most of the time that we spend on the internet is a waste because it distracts our focus from research to other activities (Gibson). For example, if a person starts chatting, surfing, and emailing his or her friends while doing research, that person is actually wasting time. Internet based research provides us with a very less amount of credible information because most of the websites contain personal opinions, outdated papers, and attention distracting stuff. Some other negative aspects